Author: Topinard, Paul [1830- 1911]
Title: La transformation du crâne animal en crâne humain
Description: Paris, G. Masson, Éditeur, 1891. orig. wrappers. 25x16cm, (26) pages. Offprint from ''L'Anthropologie" Nov-Dec 1891, No. 6. Pagination runs 649- 675.. Worn. Name on cover. Cover soil. Rumpled. Spine tear. Good. ¶ ["Topinard was a French physician and anthropologist who was a student of Paul Broca and whose views influenced the methodology adopted by Herbert Hope Risley in his ethnographic surveys of the people of India. He became director of the École d'Anthropologie and secretary-general of the Société d'Anthropologie de Paris, both in succession to Broca.,. Topinard's specialization was physical anthropology. His opinions were polygenist but he was less rigid than Broca. He nonetheless frequently referred to Broca as his 'master', and according to John Carson was 'committed to the superiority of white male Europeans' Patrick Brantlinger says that '... the spell of craniology, phrenology, physiognomy, and other attempts to quantify racial inequalities by physical measurement hovers over ...the ethnological and anthropological debates of the mid- and late-Victorian eras. These attempts expressed a materialist determinism, strongly associated with scientific explanation, that underscored the inevitability of the extinction or extermination of the 'lower races' by the 'higher' ones in 'the struggle for existence' In a manner similar to Samuel George Morton, the anthropologist of the United States, Topinard conducted experiments intended to test theories that cranial capacity was a marker of ethnicity, with European capacities being the largest and Australian Aborigines the smallest. He calculated the capacity of various skulls by pouring substances into them and then noting the volume consumed..." - wikipedia].

Keywords: History of Science, Anthropology, Physical, Palaeontology, French, Craniology, Skull Skulls, Zoology,