SCALIGER,J.J.

Illustriss. viri Iosephi Scaligeri, Iulii Caes. à Burden F. Epistolae omnes quae reperiri potuerunt, nunc primum collectae ac editae. Caeteris praefixa est ea quae est De gente Scaligera; in qua de autoris vita; & sub finem Danielis Heinsii De morte eius altera.

Leiden (Lugduni Batavorum), Ex officina Bonaventurae & Abrahami Elzevir, 1627. 8vo. (XXIV),887,(1 blank) p. Overlapping vellum 19.5 cm (Ref: STCN ppn 840010095; Willems 288; Berghman 1393; Rahir 253; Smitskamp Scaliger Collection 166; Graesse 6/2,289; Ebert 20438) (Details: Elsevier's printer's mark on the title, depicting an old man who stands in the shade of a vine-elmtree, symbolising the symbiotic relationship between scholar and publisher; the motto: 'Non solus', probably indicates the interdependency of publisher and scholar) (Condition: Vellum age-toned and spotted, some faint ink lettering on the upper board. Traces of a label on the back. Front flyleaf renewed. Occasional old ink underlinings and a few notes. Partly some foxing) (Note: The place of Josephus Justus Scaliger, 1549-1609, in the history of classical scholarship is royal. His preeminence is summarized masterly in the blurb text of the dustjacket of the intellectual biography of Anthony Grafton 'Joseph Scaliger, A study in the history of classical scholarship', Oxford, 1983/93. 'In an age of great classical scholars, Joseph Scaliger was the greatest. His early work as an editor of Latin texts won the attention of the learned throughout Europe and contained technical innovations that remain of interest. His later work as the founder of the discipline of historical chronology involved him in the superhuman task of trying to reconstruct every sophisticated calender and to date every significant event in human history. Along the way he emended hundreds of corrupt passages in classical texts, collated scores of manuscripts, quarrelled with dozens of his rivals, failed humiliatingly (.) to prove that he was descended from the della Scala of Verona - and dashed off in his spare time works that would remain standard for centuries, like Gruter's Corpus of inscriptions, the publication of which Scaliger oversaw. His work was perhaps most important in that it showed that the Bible and the events it recorded could not be understood except in the light of the writings of the pagans and the methods of classical scholarship'. In 1593 Scaliger filled the vacant place left by Justus Lipsius at the young the University of Leiden. 'His disinclination to lecture was duly respected; all that the authorities at Leyden desired was his living and inspiring presence in that seat of Protestant learning'. (Sandys 2/202) On this honorary post he produced works that made him immortal, and lend lustre to Leyden and its Universtiy. Scaliger spent the last 16 years of his life in Leiden as the jewel of the University. There he enjoyed also the friendship of a great number of pupils and admirers. To his circle belonged H. Grotius, D. Heinsius, the Dousae, and in France Du Thou and Casaubon. Scaliger died in the arms of his favourite pupil and closest friend Daniel Heinsius, who wrote a funerary oration for him. His correspondence reflects his relations with contemporary scholars and scientists, and the scholarly circles in which he moved. He corresponded with Salmasius, Heinsius, Casaubon, Lindenbrogius, Gruter, Lipsius, Labbaeus and many others. Scaliger had inherited from his father Julius Caesar Scaliger a profound belief in his descent from the noble Veronese family Della Scala. The correspondence opens with a 58 page letter addressed to Dousa, and is on this matter, 'De vetustate gentis Scaligerae in qua & de vita utriusque Scaligeri'. Here Scaliger tried to prove his princely descent, and failed humiliatingly according to Grafton) (Collation: *8, 2*4; A-3I8, 3K4 (leaf 3K4 verso blank)) (Photographs on request)

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Book number: 154827

Catalogue: Old and Rare books

Keywords: (Rare Books) Altertum Altertumswissenschaft Antike Antiquity Briefe Correspondence Dutch imprints Epistulae Geschichte der klassischen Philologie Letters Scaliger catbiografie classical philology epistolae history of classical scholarship

SCALIGER,J.J.

Iosephi Scaligeri Iul. Caes. a Burden F. Elenchus utriusque orationis chronologicae D. Davidis Parei: quarum secunda operis calci addita: prior vero commentariis auctoris in Hoseam Heydelbergae excusis prostat.

Leiden (Lugduni Batavorum), Ex officina Henrici Ludovici ab Haestens, Impensis Ludovici Elzevierii, 1607. Small 4to. 3 parts in 1: 103,(3),(2 blank);(40);(40) p., folding table. Contemporary limp vellum 19.8 cm (Ref: STCN ppn 115523170; Willems 50; Rahir 33; Berghman 1444; Not in Smitskamp, the Scaliger Collection; Graesse 6/1,289; Ebert 20432) (Details: Two thongs laced through the joints. Short title in ink on the back. All 3 parts have different title pages. First title in red and black. Woodcut of Elsevier's first printer's mark, depicting an aegle that holds a bundle of 7 arrows in its beak, the bird is surrounded by the motto: 'A. 1595, Concordia Res Parvae crescunt'; the seven arrows represent the union of the Seven Provinces of the Dutch republic; since its foundation in 1588 the motto of the seven United Provinces was 'Concordia res parvae crescunt', in Dutch 'Eendracht maakt macht', a still popular motto in the coat of arms of many countries. The saying was coined by the Roman historian Sallust. ('Bellum Jugurthinum', caput 10) Woodcut initials. § The second part, with the first 'Elenchus' has a title of its own: 'Iosephi Scaligeri Iul. Caes. a Burden F. Elenchus primae Orationis Chronologicae Davidis Parei. Lugduni Batavorum, Ex officina Ioannis Patii, 1607, Impensis Ludovici Elzevierii'; The printer's mark, an angel with book and scythe, has the motto 'Scrutamini', or 'Search!, examine!, explore!' The title of the third volume is: 'Davidis Parei oratio chronologica altera, de quaestione utrum chronologia integra ab Adamo ad Christum ex sola historia sacra haberi possit? (.) Lugduni Batavorum, Ex officina Henrici Ludovici ab Haestens, Impensis Ludovici Elzevierij, 1607'. It has no printer's mark) (Condition: Binding slightly soiled and spotted. Right lower corner of lower board cover expertly repaired with vellum. All 4 ties gone. Front flyleaf gone. Faint stamp and old ownership inscription on the title. Lower margin of first & last leaf slightly spotted. The last of the 3 volumes slightly foxed. The tip of the right lower corner of the last 10 pages gone, without loss of text) (Note: In the 16th and 17th century the study of chronology, calendars and historical dates was controversial. Chronology was a battlefield for theologians, classical scholars, astronomers and the church. The debate raged fiercely about the reliability of the dates and the dating in the Bible, and in early Christian writings. The French scholar Josephus Justus Scaliger, 1540-1609, was the very man for this debate. He was already famous as an ingenious and innovative editor of Latin texts, when he published in 1583 his 'De emendatione Temporis', a work which placed him according to Sandys 'at the head of all the living representatives of ancient learning'. (Sandys 2,202) His efforts to combine calvinism and classical scholarship led to attacks on him from Flanders and Germany by the Jesuits and their scholarly straw men. Scaliger wanted to read the Bible with the same philological method that he applied to the Greek and Roman authors, and to compare the information of ancient historians and the data of astronomy with the Bible. In 1601 he was denounced by Martin Delrio because he denied the genuineness of the work of Dionysius Areopagites, now called Pseudo-Dionysius Areopagites. He was attacked for his lack of sufficient knowledge of Hebrew, but especially for his arrogance and vanity. This book on offer is part of that ongoing war. In 1606, the year of his triumph, when he published in Leiden his last large work on the chronology of the world history 'Thesaurus Temporum', Scaliger received a public challenge from one of his protestant opponents, the German theologian David Pareus, since 1598 professor of the exegese of the Old Testament at Heidelberg (extraordinarius controversiarum theologicarum exactor et censor). Since 1605 this dogmaticus, who believed that the 'ars critica' was an invention of the devil, published a series of polemic commentaries on the Bible. The attempt to create an exact astronomical table of history was according to him a thing above human capacity. Pareus 'considered the pagans entirely mendacious and cited their myths as evidence in favour of this view in two sharply polemical orations'. Scaliger responded with this 'Elenchus' (Refutation) of Pareus orations, 'in which he argued that the myths were not veiled accounts of philosophical doctrines but confused accounts of historical events. (.) He claimed that simple common sense sufficed to find the facts beneath the myths: 'For it is equally certain that Hercules existed, and that the Hydra, continually reborn with its innumerable heads, did not exist'. (.) At the same time, Scaliger insisted all over again that the ancient Greek scholars had used their knowledge of the calendar and astronomy as dexterously as their understanding of the nature of myth. They could have given a far more precise and accurate account of Greek history than the Jews - to take a people supposedly exemplary for their records - could give of their early times'. (A. Grafton, 'Joseph Scaliger, A study in the history of classical scholarship', Oxford, 1993, vol. 1, p. 611/12; see also Grafton's monography on Casaubon of 2010) At the end, after both refutations by Scaliger, the second oration of Pareus has been added. The first one, with Pareus' commentary on Hosea, was omitted in this edition of 1607, because it was still for sale in Heidelberg. Only one copy Dutch libraries (Leiden)) (Provenance: A round rubber or metal stamp on the title with the legend: 'M.D.I.P.D.R.D.I.' In its center the letters 'C.G'. This stamp belongs to: 'Commissario Governativo, Ministero Della Istruzione Pubblica Del Regno D’Italia'. In 1870, with the occupation of Rome by Italian troops and the unification of Latium with the rest of Italy, the new government closed down convents and religious organisations. All documents, libraries and furniture had to be transfered to the municipalities. The confiscated books were all marked with the above mentioned stamp. In a short history of 'La Biblioteca Comunale degli Ardenti' in Viterbo it is reported that circa 30.000 precious books from the suppressed convents of 'Santa Maria in Gradi', 'Santa Maria del Paradiso', 'Santa Maria della Quercia', 'Trinità' and of the Cappuccins, came into the possession of the community of Viterbo. This collection lay for 10 years neglected, and much of worth was stolen, sold to booksellers, or just disappeared. The British Library acquired allready in 1873 a book of 1520 with this stamp. The remainder came hereafter in the good care of diligent librarians, but disaster struck a second time, when part of the library of Viterbo was destroyed on the 26th of May of 1944 by Anglo-American bombers. 'Tutto questo intenso lavorio subì un trauma tremendo il mattino del 26 maggio 1944. Erano da poco passate le 9 quando risuonò l’allarme aereo: il personale in servizio e i pochi lettori trovarono rifugio nel ricovero predisposto nella vicina Chiesa di San Francesco. Due formazioni di quadrimotori “Liberator” angloamericani sganciarono a tappeto un micidiale carico di bombe. Furono cinque minuti d’inferno: una densa colonna di fumo e polvere s’innalzò al cielo, oscurando la luce del giorno'. Rain, snow and theft did the rest. The library lost again 10.000 books. (http://www.bibliotecaviterbo.it/storia_la-biblioteca-comunale-degli-ardenti/) Stolen books can be found in libraries all over the world, just type: 'M.D.I.P.D.R.D.I', to see a tip of the iceberg . On the title also an allmost completely illegible inscription in ink. Legible are the date, '1700', and perhaps a name 'Comenius') (Collation: A-N4, O2 (with a folding table after leaf A2; leaf O2 blank); 2A-E; 3A-E4) (Photographs on request)

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Book number: 130164

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Keywords: (Oude Druk) (Rare Books) Astronomie Chronologie Scaliger alte Geschichte ancient history antike altertum antiquity astronomy chronology

SCALIGER,J.C.

Iulii Caesaris Scaligeri viri clarissimi Poetices libri septem: I. Historicus, II. Hyle, III. Idea, IIII. Parasceue, V. Criticus, VI. Hypercriticus. VII. Epinomis. Ad Sylvium filium. Editio secunda.

N.pl. (Geneva), Apud Petrum Santandreanum (Pierre de Saint-André), 1581. 8vo. (XXIV),945 (recte 949; p. 1-432, 431-462 459-945),(67 index) p. Half calf. 18 cm (Ref: GLN-2893; Graesse 6/1,289; Ebert 20450) (Details: Back gilt and with 4 raised bands. Santandrea's 'Veritas' printer's device on the title: a woman, the naked truth, seated on a cubus, holding a radiant sun in her right hand; in her left hand she holds an opened book and a palm leaf; her feet rest on the globe; the garland of fruit which surrounds her shows a ribbon with the text in Greek: 'Alêtheia Pandamatôr', i.e. 'Allmighty Truth) (Condition: Small hole at the junction of the spine and the joint near the foot of the spine. Wear to the head and tail of the spine. Edges a bit worn. Marbled paper on the boards wearing away. Right upper corner of the upper board bending. Bookplate on the front pastedown. Endpapers slightly stained. Three small wormholes in the first leaves. Some small wormholes in the blank lower margin in a few places. Paper yellowing) (Note: The greatest contribution of the classical scholar of Italian origin Julius Caesar Scaliger (Giulio Bordone della Scala), 1484-1558, to the history of classical scholarship is of course his brilliant son Joseph Justus Scaliger. In 1524 he moved to France where he became physician to bishop Antonio della Rovere of Agen, and where his son Joseph Justus was born in 1540, the same year in which his 'De causis linguae latinae libri tredecim' was published. This work is among his most important philological works. § A far more comprehensive work is Scaliger's 'Poetices libri septem', posthumously published at Lyon in 1561, which offers his generically organized classifications of kinds of ancient and modern Latin poems, and comparative criticism of ancient and modern poets, recognizing the rivalry and imitation in Greek, Roman and modern writings. It is 'one of the earliest modern attempts to treat the art of poetry in a systematic manner. Here he deals with the different kinds of poems, and the various metres, together with figures of speech and turns of phrase, criticises all the Latin poets ancient and modern, and institutes a detailed comparison between Homer and Virgil to the distinct advantage of Virgil, while the epics of Homer are regarded as inferior to the 'Hero and Leander' of Musaeus. He also declares Seneca inferior to none of the Greeks in majesty. He makes all literary creation depend ultimately on judicious imitation'. (Sandys 2, p. 178) This Genevan edition of 1581 is a reissue of the edition of 1561. This fundamental work remained the standard in matters of Latin poetry well into the 18th century) (Provenance: Engraved armorial bookplate of 'Robert Chambre Vaughan Esq. Burlton Hall, Co. Salop'. Vaughan, Robert-Chambre, esq. of Burlton Hall in the County of Salop, born in 1796, was a graduate of Brasenose College, Oxford. (See for him and his ancestors J. Burke, 'A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland', London 1835, Volume 2, p. 238/242). In 1818 the degree of Bachelor of Arts was conferred to him. He died in 1876)(Collation: *8, 2*4, a-z8, A-Z8, Aa-Rr8, Ss4)

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Book number: 155424

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Keywords: (Rare Books) Dichtung Greek literature Griechische Literatur Latin literature Poesie Scaliger Swiss imprints antike altertum antiquity poetry römische Literatur

SCALIGER,J.C. & "GIESSENER POETIK."

Iulii Caesaris Scaligeri Viri Clarissimi, De causis linguae latinae libri tredecim. (Bound with:) Poetica Latina Nova, methodo perspicua tradita, commentariis luculentis declarata, exemplis tum veterum, tum recentiorum Poëtarum illustrata (...). Per Scholae Giessenae nonnullos Professores Philosophos.

Ad 1: (Geneva), Apud Petrum Santandreanum, 1597. Ad 2: Giessen (Giessae Hassorum), Excedubat Nicolaus Hampelius, 1607. 8vo. 2 volumes in 1. Ad 1: (XXIV),451 (recte 455),(1 blank) p. Ad 2: (XV),393,(7) p. Overlapping vellum. 18 cm. - First edition of the Giessener Poetik - (Ref: Ad 1: GLN-3933; USTC 429694. Ad 2: VD17 23:295251P) (Details: 4 thongs laced through the joints. Woodcut printer's device on the title, Veritas: a woman, the naked truth, seated on a cubus, holding a radiant sun in her right hand; in her left hand she holds an opened book and a palm leaf; her feet rest on the globe; the garland of fruit which surrounds her shows a ribbon with the text in Greek: 'Alêtheia Pandamatôr', i.e. 'Allmighty Truth') (Condition: Vellum soiled and spotted. Label pasted on front pastedown, bookplate on verso of the front flyleaf. Occasional old and small ink underlinings. Ad 1: Old ownership inscription and a faint stamp on the title. Paper yellowing. Small wormhole in the first 12 leaves, sometimes nibbling at a letter. Ad 2: Paper browning. Leaf K2 = p. 147/48 removed) (Note: Ad 1: The teaching of Latin was dominated during the Late Middle Ages by a 'fixed set of textbooks, namely the 'Ars Minor' by Donatus (4th cent.), the 'Doctrinale puerorum' by Alexander of Villadei (born ca. 1170) and a compilation of Donatus and Priscian (6th cent.) called 'Ianua cum rudibus primam cupientibus artem''. (M. Haspelmath et alii, 'Language Typology and Language Universals: An International Handbook, volume I', Berlin/New York 2001, p. 211) The first to challenge the rigid systematization of this kind of textbooks was the humanist Guarino Veronese (1374-1460) with his 'Regulae grammaticales' (before 1418). The Italian scholar Lorenzo Valla tried to break from this unscientific tradition with his 'Elegantiarum linguae Latinae libri sex'. (ca. 1444) 'In his mainly stylistically orientated compendium, he insisted on the usage of the language of the classical writers as the guideline for all grammar, thus taking grammar out of its self-contained existence'. (Idem, ibidem) One of the following major humanist linguistic innovations was published in 1540 by the Italian scholar Julius Caesar Scaliger (Giulio Bordone della Scala), 1484-1558. In 1524 he moved to France where he became physician to bishop Antonio della Rovere of Agen, and where his brilliant son Josephus Justus was born in 1540, the same year in which this 'De causis linguae latinae libri tredecim' was published. This work is among his most important philological works. Scaliger claimed 'that grammaticography was a science and not an art and (he) gave it a systematic framework with Aristotelian concepts.' (Idem, Ibidem). The work is 'an acute and judicious work on the leading principles of the language, in the course of which he claims to have corrected 643 mistakes made by Valla and his other predicessors'. (Sandys, 2/178) Scaliger's 'De causis' was reissued in Geneve in 1580 and 1584, and in Heidelberg in 1609 and 1623) Ad 2: The 'Poetica latina nova', better known in Germany as 'Giessener Poetik', was first published in Giessen in 1607. It was written, as is evident from the opening of the introductory poem, by 3 professors of the Giessen 'Gymnasium illustre', Christoph Helwig (Helvicus), Kaspar Finck (Finckius) and Konrad Bachmann (Bachmannus). (Leaf
¶ 7 verso) It saw eight reissues until 1671. This makes it, alongside Martin Opitz's 'Buch von der deutschen Poeterey' the most successful poetics of the 17th century. In the 'Giessener Poetik' the references to J.C. Scaliger's 'Poetices libri septem' (Lyon 1561) are numerous. Scaliger's poetics is used to such a degree that the 'Giessener Poetik' must for long stretches be regarded as an exegesis and paraphrasis. Dependence on Scaliger also blocks the professors' access to Aristotelian 'poetics', the existence of which is known to them, as occasional references show, but his 'poetics' left no trace. After a brief introduction follows the division of poetics into 2 parts: the first deals with the 'principia carminis', the other with the 'modus conficiendi'. The 'principia' are syllable quantity and verse foot, the discussion of which accounts for about three quarters of the total poetics. The 'modus conficiendi' encompasses the general principles, metrics and generic theory (Gattungslehre). (See: V. Wels, 'Begriff der Dichtung in der Frühen Neuzeit', Berlin/New York 2009, p. 97/100)) (Provenance: On the front pastedown a book ticket, and a catalogue clipping of the Dutch auctioneers Beijers. § On the front flyleaf the name 'Münichmann, 1841'. § On the verso of the front flyleaf a bookplate of 'Bibliotheek Mariënhage, Eindhoven'. This book was once the property of the Augustine monastery Eindhoven. § A faint stamp on the first title page: 'St Joseph's Society, Mill Hill, London'. This was the Saint Joseph's Society for Foreign Missions, also called the Mill Hill Missionaries or Mill Hill Fathers, a society of apostolic life of Catholic missionaries, founded in 1866. § On the title: 'Ex libris Joannis Schmidt Hamburg. in patria ad D. Nicolai (illegible word), 1622. (illegible word) sufficientissima Haeriditas'. We found one Joannes Schmidt who was Pastor of the Nicolai Church in Hamburg'. He died in 1629. A wild guess) (Collation: Ad 1: *8, 2*4, A-2E8, 2F4 (leaf 2F4 verso blank). Ad 2:
¶ 8, A-2B8. (Leaf K2 removed)) (Photographs on request)

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Book number: 159072

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Keywords: (Rare Books) German imprints Humanismus Latin linguistics Poetik Renaissance Scaliger antike altertum antiquity humanism lateinische Sprachwissenschaft poetics

SCALIGER,J.C.

Iulii Caesaris Scaligeri viri clarissimi Poemata in duas partes divisa. Pleraque omnia in publicum iam primum prodeunt; reliqua vero quam ante emendatius edita sunt. Sophoclis Aiax Lorarius, stylo Tragico a Josepho Scaligero Iulii F. translatus. Eiusdem epigrammata quaedam, tum Graeca tum Latina, cum quibusdam e Graeco versis.

N.pl. (Geneva), Apud Petrum Santandreanum (Pierre de Saint-André), 1591. 8vo. 3 parts in 1: (VIII),663,(1 blank); 336; 70,(1 errata),(1 blank) p. Calf, end 19th century. 17 cm (Ref: GLN-2264; USTC no. 450529; Smitskamp's 'The Scaliger collection' no. 147; cf. Brunet 5,179; cf. Graesse 6/289 & & 6,444; cf. Hoffmann 3,425; Ebert 20452) (Details: Nice binding. Gilt panelled back with 5 raised bands. Boards with triple fillet gilt borders and an oval gilt ornament. Edges of the boards and the turn-ins gilt. All edges gilt. Marbled endpapers. 'Veritas' woodcut printer's device on the title, depicting a woman, the naked truth, seated on a cubus, holding a radiant sun in her right hand. In her left hand she holds an opened book and a palm leaf. Her feet rest on the globe; the garland of fruit which surrounds her shows a motto in Greek: 'Alêtheia Pandamatôr', i.e. 'Allmighty Truth'. 2 red/yellow/blue book ribbons. § Printed in italics. Each of the 3 parts has a title-page of its own. Part 1 contains: Apiculae, p. 1; Nemesis, p. 59; Teretismata, Satyra, p. 76; Nova Epigrammata, p. 113; Farrago, p. 150; Thaumantia, p. 224; Arae Fracastoreae, p. 256; Nymphae indigenae, p. 272; Adamantij Catulli tumulus, p. 391; Heroes, p. 307; Archilochus, p. 339; Hipponax, p. 385; Sidera, p. 458; Lacrymae, p. 526; Aenigmata, p. 546; Urbes, p. 582; Logogriphi, p. 614; Manes Catulliani, p. 634. Part 2 contains: Ata, p. 3; Hymni, p. 79; Epidorpidum libri octo, p. 98; De Regnorum eversionibus, p. 324; Part 3 contains a Latin translation of the Ajax of Sophocles by the son of Julius Caesar, Josephus Justus Scaliger, and concludes with 20 pages epigrammata composed by junior) (Condition: Some slight wear to the binding. Oval stamp cut out of the first 2 title-pages, but skillfully repaired. In old ink 'Expurgata' written on the title page. Paper yellowing, sometimes browning. § Occasionally a word, or a line, or sometimes a complete poem has been made illegible with ink stripes by a censuring cleric. Scaliger's Poemata figured in the Catholic 'Index librorum prohibitorum'. This 'Index' of forbidden books contained publications that were banned by the Catholic Church, because they were deemed heretical, anti-clerical or immoral. The censoring sometimes came down to the erasing or cutting out of names, or passages, or the removal of leaves, even complete chapters by catholic librarians. Such a librarian must have written, after having completed the job, at the foot of the title-page, 'Expurgata') (Note: The classical scholar Julius Caesar Scaliger (Giulio Bordone della Scala), 1484-1558, was of Italian origin. In 1524 he moved to France where he became physician to bishop Antonio della Rovere of Agen, and where his brilliant son Joseph Juste was born in 1540, the same year in which his 'De causis linguae latinae libri tredecim' was published. This book is among his most important philological works. § Another work of fundamental importance is his 'Poetices libri septem' (1561), a manual for the apprentice poet, that became Europe's standard in matters of Neo-Latin poetry for two centuries. § Scaliger published collections of his Neo-Latin poetry in 1533 and 1546. He considered the mastery of Latin composition not as a pastime, but as the scholar's most valuable skill. In 1574 his son Joseph Juste (Josephus Justus) produced a new edition of his father's collected poems during his stay at Geneva, where he took refuge because of the French wars of religion and St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre. Here Scaliger jr. delivered public lectures and tutored students, and met fellow humanists, Beza, Henricus Stephanus et alii, all interested in or writing Neo-Latin poetry. § This edition of 1591 is a line by line reissue of the edition of 1574. To the edition of his father's poetry the son added a work of himself, the translation of Sophocles' Ajax. This translation was first published in 1573 in Paris with a Greek text and the translation on the facing page. The appropriate medium for the translation of the Ajax was in Scaliger's eyes archaic Latin. 'He used as many arcane or distinctively pre-classical words as possible (.). He dressed ordinary words in primitive spellings (.). And, like the archaic poets, he freely coined new compound words'. (Grafton,A., Joseph Scaliger, a study in the history of scholarship', volume 1, Oxford 1983, p. 114/115) After the Ajax Scaliger jr. added 20 pages with epigrammata, Greek and Latin, also of his own) (Provenance: Before the title have been bound 2 leaves, the first from 1890, the 2nd much older, after 1633. The text of the first manuscript leaf: 'Ce volume, que j'ai acheté aux libraires Mayer et Muller, de Berlin, était alors relié avec un exemplaire du Poemata de J. César Scaliger, de l'édition rarisssime de 1546. L'un et l'autre, ainsi réunis avaient appartenu à une Bibliothèque de Vérone (on le voit à la maculature laissée par le timbre, en tête de la 2e partie). L'un et l'autre portait les suppressions imposées par l'Index. - Voir, à ce sujet, la note italienne écrite ci après, probablement par un religieux du couvent dont la Bibliothèque possédait ces volumes. Dans l'éd. de 1546, beaucoup des pièces biffées ici n'avaient pas été supprimées. R. Dezeimeris, 1890.' § The French historian and politician Reinold Dezeimeris, was 'Conservateur' of the 'Bibliothèque municipale' of Bordeaux, and a passionate bibliophile, but most of all he is remembered for his scholarly activities. He devoted many studies to Renaissance authors from his dear city. He participated in an important edition of the 'Essais' of Montaigne, Bordeaux 1870-1873. § This title on offer of father and son Scaliger will have caught his attention, because of their connection with Bordeaux. On the authority of Dezeimeris, who must have had sharp eyes, we assume that the removed stamp from the first 2 title-pages belonged to a library at Verona. In the leaf immediately after the second title the dent of the stamp that was cut out of the title is indeed still visible, though hardly legible. (See for much more on Dezeimeris: rfhl.org/pages/historique/bibliophiles-bordelais/reinhold-dezeimeris-1835-1913.html and especially a biography at: saint-blaise-cadillac.eklablog.com/reinhold-dezeimeris-a46642037. § Scaliger pretended to be a descendant of the house of La Scala, for hundred and fifty years lords of Verona. § Dezeiremis apparantly split up the binding with works of Scaliger that he bought from the famous price-cutting Berlin 'Antiquariat Mayer & Müller'. This fine binding with Scaliger's Poemata of 1591 was probably commissioned by him. § The libarian who wrote 'Expurgata' on the title, probably also wrote the text on the leaf bound before the first flyleaf. It is in Italian, and refers to the decree of the Church for the prohibition of Scaliger's works, dated March 19, 1633) (Collation: *4, a-z8, A-S8, T4 (leaf T4 verso blank); Aa-Xx8; AA-DD8, EE4 (leaf EE4 verso blank))

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Book number: 159151

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Keywords: (Rare Books) Ajax Dichtung Greek literature Griechische Literatur Latin literature Latin translation only Poesie Scaliger Sophocles Swiss imprints antike altertum antiquity poetry römische Literatur

SCALIGER,J.C.

Iulii Caesaris Scaligeri viri clarissimi Poemata in duas partes divisa. Pleraque omnia in publicum iam primum prodeunt; reliqua vero quam ante emendatius edita sunt. Sophoclis Aiax Lorarius, stylo Tragico a Josepho Scaligero Iulii F. translatus. Eiusdem epigrammata quaedam, tum Graeca tum Latina, cum quibusdam e Graeco versis.

N.pl. (Geneva), (Jacob Stoer for Gaspard de Hus), 1574. 8vo. 3 parts in 1: (VI),663,(1 blank); 337,(1 corrigenda),(2 blank); 70,(1 errata),(1 blank) p. Calf. 17.5 cm (Ref: GLN-2523; USTC 450676; cf. Smitskamp's 'The Scaliger collection' no. 146; Brunet 5,179; Graesse 6/289; Ebert 20452) (Details: Back gilt and with 5 raised bands. Marbled endpapers. First title-page removed. Edges dyed red. § Printed in italics. The title-pages of the 2nd and 3rd part have been preserved. Part 1 contains: Apiculae, p. 1; Nemesis, p. 59; Teretismata, Satyra, p. 76; Nova Epigrammata, p. 113; Farrago, p. 150; Thaumantia, p. 224; Arae Fracastoreae, p. 256; Nymphae indigenae, p. 272; Adamantij Catulli tumulus, p. 391; Heroes, p. 307; Archilochus, p. 339; Hipponax, p. 385; Sidera, p. 458; Lacrymae, p. 526; Aenigmata, p. 546; Urbes, p. 582; Logogriphi, p. 614; Manes Catulliani, p. 634. Part 2 contains: Ata, p. 3; Hymni, p. 79; Epidorpidum libri octo, p. 98; De Regnorum eversionibus, p. 324; Part 3 contains a Latin translation (only) of the Ajax of Sophocles by the son of Julius Caesar, Josephus Justus Scaliger, and concludes with 20 pages epigrammata composed by junior. § On the verso of the first flyleaf has been pasted an engraved portrait of Scaliger, printed between 1750 and 1775 by the Parisian printer Daumont. The legend reads 'Iule Cesar Scaliger Critique, Poète, Médecin, Philosophe, né à Ripa dans le Verronois en Italie mort à Agen en france l'an 1558 agé de 75 ans'. The portrait is cut from a larger engraving, this engraving can be found via 'Gallica') (Condition: Lacking the first title-page. Binding somewhat scuffed. Corners bumped. Joint of the lower board split for ca. 3,5 cm. Paper yellowing. The first leaf is browning and shows some small inkstains. Occasionally some old ink underlinings or marks. Tear in page 311/12) (Note: The greatest contribution of the classical scholar of Italian origin Julius Caesar Scaliger (Giulio Bordone della Scala), 1484-1558, to the history of classical scholarship is of course his brilliant son Joseph Justus Scaliger. In 1524 Julius Caesar Scaliger moved to France where he became physician to bishop Antonio della Rovere of Agen, and where his son Joseph Justus was born in 1540, the same year in which his 'De causis linguae latinae libri tredecim' was published. This book is among his most important philological works. The work is, according to Sandys, an acute and judicious work on the leading principles of the Latin language. § Scaliger published collections of his Neo-Latin poetry in 1533 and 1546. He considered the mastery of Latin composition not as a pastime, but as the scholar's most valuable skill. In 1574 his son Josephus Justus produced a new edition of his father's collected poetry during his stay at Geneva, where he took refuge because of the French wars of religion and St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre (1572). Here he delivered public lectures and tutored students, and met fellow humanists, Beza, Henricus Stephanus et alii, all interested in or writing Neo-Latin poetry. § To the edition of his father's poetry the son added a work of himself, the translation of Sophocles' Ajax. This translation was first published in 1573 in Paris with a Greek text and the translation on the facing page. The appropriate medium for the translation of the Ajax was in Scaliger's eyes archaic Latin. 'He used as many arcane or distinctively pre-classical words as possible (.). He dressed ordinary words in primitive spellings (.). And, like the archaic poets, he freely coined new compound words'. (Grafton, A., Joseph Scaliger, a study in the history of scholarship', volume 1, Oxford 1983, p. 114/115) After the Ajax Scaliger jr. added 20 pages with epigrammata, Greek and Latin, also of his own. § (Collation: *4 (minus leaf *1, the title-page), a-z8, A-S8, T4 (leaf T4 verso blank); Aa-Xx8, Yy2 (leaf Yy2 blank), AA-DD8, EE4 (leaf EE4 verso blank))

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Book number: 159156

Catalogue: Old and Rare books

Keywords: (Rare Books) Aias Ajax Dichtung Latin translation only Neolatin poetry Neulatein Neulateinische Dichtkunst Poesie Scaliger Sophocles Swiss imprints poetry

SCALIGER,J.J.-

Prima Scaligerana, nusquam antehac edita, cum praefatione T. Fabri.

Utrecht (Ultrajecti), Apud Petrum Elzevirium, 1670. 8vo. (X),101,(1 blank) p. 19th century marbled boards. 15.5 cm (Ref: Willems 1605: one of the few Elzevier-editions from Utrecht; Rahir 1782; Berghman 1339; Not in the 'Scaliger Collection', Smitskamp, Leiden 1993, only mentioned in the register, p. 128) (Details: Marbled endpapers; woodcut printer's mark on the title) (Condition: Head & tail of the spine chafed. Joints starting to split. Some faint pencil marks in in a few margins) (Note: The place of Josephus Justus Scaliger, 1549-1609, in the history of classical scholarship is royal. His preeminence is best understood from the entry which the French classicist Isaac Casaubon made in his diary after the death of this great man: 'Exstincta est illa seculi nostri lampas, lumen litterarum, decus Galliae, ornamentum unicum Europae'. His erudition was considered by his contemporaries to be a wonder of mankind. 'He not only exhibits a remarable aptitude for the soundest type of textual emendation; but he is also the founder of historical criticism. His main strength lay in a clear conception of antiquity as a whole, and in the concentration of vast and varied learning on distinctly important works' (Sandys, A History of Classical Scholarship, volume 2, p. 199-204). He was one of the first to point the way to a sounder method of emendation founded on the genuine tradition of MSS. In 1590 he filled the vacant place left by Justus Lipsius at the young University of Leiden. 'His disinclination to lecture was duly respected; all that the authorities at Leyden desired was his living and inspiring presence in that seat of Protestant learning' (Sandys, op. cit. p. 202). On this honorary post he produced works that made him immortal. His immortality was further ensured by the publication after his death of the 'Prima Scaligerana', a collection of table conversations in which observations of great scientific value can be found, and which is an exceptional and much-quoted source in the historiography of the late humanistic republic of letters. The complicated history of this 'Prima Scaligerana' and 'Secunda Scaligerana' is explained best online at The Warburg Institute (research/projects/scaliger/scaligerana). The table conversations were originally penned down by a friend of Scaliger, the medicin Franciscus Vertunianus. 'Soweit sie also mündliche Aeusserungen Scaligers enthält, umfasst die Sammlung die Periode 1574 bis 1593.' (.) Nach Vertunians Tode (1607) blieben diese Aufzeichnungen unter seinen Papieren in Poitiers liegen, bis sie um das Jahr 1669 ein dortiger Advokat, de Sigogne, an sich brachte und dem Tanaquil Faber nach Saumur zur Herausgabe schickte'. (Bernays,J., 'Joseph Justus Scaliger', Berlin, 1855, p. 232) They left the press in Saumur in that same year under a fake imprint, i.e. 'Groningae, apud Petrum Smithaeum, 1669', this to escape the attention of the authorities of the church and the state. This work was edited by the French classical scholar Tanneguy Lefebvre, or Tanaquillus Faber, 1615-1672. In the short preface to this work M. Lefebvre explains also why this edition was called: 'Prima Scaligerana'. That was because the edition of an other collection of Scaligerana which was published a few years earlier (1666 & 1668) contained material of a later date than his edition. The Dutch printer Pieter Elzevier, one of the last Elzeviers of this celebrated family of booksellers, publishers and printers of the 17th century, published in 1670 this reprint of the Groningen edition of 1669) (Collation: A-G8) (Photographs on request)

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Book number: 120156

Catalogue: Old and Rare books

Keywords: (Oude Druk) (Rare Books) Altertum Altertum Altertumswissenschaft Antike Antiquity Geschichte der klassischen Philologie Greek Humanismus Latin literature Leiden Leyden Scaliger Tanaquillus Faber catbiografie classical philology griechische römische Liter

SCALIGER,J.J.- HEINSIUS,D.

Satirae duae, Hercules tuam fidem sive Munsterus Hypobolimaeus, et Virgula divina. Cum brevioribus annotatiunculis, quibus nonnulla in rudiorum gratiam illustrantur. Accessit his accurata Burdonum Fabulae confutatio, quibus alia nonnula hac editione accedunt.

Leiden (Lugduni Batavorum), Apud Ludovicum Elzevirium, 1617. (Colophon at the end: 'Lugduni Batavorum, Typis Isaaci Elsevirii, anno 1617'). 12mo. (XXIV),619 (recte 529),(20),(3 blank) p. Overlapping vellum 13 cm (Ref: STCN ppn 832983446; USTC 1028202; Willems 123; Rahir 99; Berghman 1329 Graesse 6/1, 273/274; Not in Smitskamp's 'The Scaliger Collection', but it does figure in its list of Scaliger editions, p. 120) (Details: 5 thongs laced through the joints. Manuscript title on the back. The first Elzevier edition in small format) (Condition: Vellum age-toned and soiled. Front hinge cracking. Front flyleaf worn and inscribed. Title dustsoiled, and with 2 small ownership entries. Some old marginal notes, occasional ink underlinings) (Note: The French protestant classical scholar J.J. Scaliger, 1540-1609, was a genius, but was also vain and sharp tongued. Consequently he had many enemies. His greatest enemies were among members of the catholic Jesuit order. Scaliger had turned his back on France, and had come in 1592 to Leiden at the request of the authorities of that city and the local University, who desired nothing more than his inspiring presence. There he gathered around him a group of brilliant young man, among whom H. Grotius. In 1599 young Daniel Heinsius, 1580-1655, entered the group, and became 'because of his reputedly attractive personality and remarkable gifts' Scaliger's favorite student. (P.R. Sellin, Daniel Heinsius and Stuart England', Leiden etc., 1968, p. 14) Heinsius rapidly made a name as classical scholar and neolatin poet. In 1609 Scaliger died in his arms. One of Scaliger's foulest adversaries was a former friend, Gaspar Schoppe, or in Latin Scioppius, 1576-1649, who converted to catholicism. He distinguished himself by the virulence of his writings against the Protestants, and he even wanted to incite a war against these heretics. In 1607 this man published a vicious attack upon Scaliger with his 'Scaliger hypololymaeus', in English 'Suppositious Scaliger', or rather 'Basterd Scaliger'. 'Dem tobensten Schimpfen wird hier freier Lauf gelassen; Gifte jeder Art von Verunglimpfung und Verdächtigung werden zusammen gebraut'. (J. Bernays, 'Joseph Justus Scaliger', Berlin, 1855, p. 85) Scioppius wanted to throw discredit on Scaliger, and weaken his authority, so he attacked him at his weakest spot, his supposed noble birth. Scaliger had been raised in the belief that he was a descendent of the royal family Della Scala of Verona, and he let no opportunity pass to mention the splendour of his ancestry. The validity of his pretentions were however dubious. The challenge of Scioppius was accepted by the favourite pupil of Scaliger, Daniel Heinsius, who published one year later, in 1608, anonymously in defence of his master the 'Satirae duae, Hercules tuam fidem, sive Munsterus Hypobolimaeus, et Virgula divina', two mordant Menippean satires that covered Scioppius, who occasionally signed his letters off as 'G.S. a Munster' (hence Munsterus), with much abuse. As Scioppius himself had done with Scaliger, Heinsius smears with the mud of satire his scholarship, his name, the respectability of his parents, and his conversion to catholicism. In the following mockery 'Virgula Divina, sive Lucretii Vespillonis apotheosis', inspired by Seneca's Apocolocyntosis, Heinsius focusses on the humble origins of Scioppius, himself, he tells, a supposititious child. His 'father', called by Heinsius Vespillo, or corpse-bearer/gravedigger (See Martial I,47,1), is sentenced to become assistant of Charon. Scaliger has often admitted in his letters that Heinsius was the author of the satires, and the editor of the book, which opens with a preface dedicated to Scaliger, and a section of Scioppius praise of Scaliger from the time when he was still a friend and a protestant, then a support letter of the French scholar and friend of Scaliger, Isaac Casaubon. Next follow both satires of Heinsius, followed by an attack on Scioppius and his ancestry in a mock-biography: 'Vita et parentes Gasp. Schoppii, a Germano quodam contubernali eius conscripta', composed by Scaliger himself or by Ianus Rutgerus, a friend of Heinsius, and a student of Scaliger. The great man himself contributed, using the initials of his student Rutgerus (auctore I.R. Batavo, Iuris studioso) also to this own defence, a 'accurata Burdonum Fabulae confutatio', 'a precise refutation of the Burdonese story', with the help of charters and documents which should prove his noble origin. Nevertheless, the defence of Heinsius and Scaliger made 'einen sehr kühlen Eindruck auch auf die nähreren Freunde Scaligers'. (Bernays, p. 85). Few wanted to side with him on this matter; the answer of Scaliger was deemed not satisfactory. Scioppius' reputation was damaged too. Heinsius had portrayed him as a parasite and as 'Monster of Münster', labels which he never got rid of. A revised second edition of the 'Satirae duae' was published in the same year in Leiden by Johannes Patius, who had also published the first edition. 1609 he already produced his 4th edition. An eludicating survey of the hard to fathom content of both satires can be found in chapter 5 of 'Menippean Satire and the Republic of Letters, 1581-1655', of A. R. de Smet, Geneva, 1996. 'Hercules tuam fidem' is the title of Varro's 39th Menippean satire) (Provenance: On the title: 'Bern. à Mallinckroth', and also 'Sum J. Niefert'. On the front pastedown a Swedish name 'Henrik Kröijer', and probably one 'R. Berghes') (Collation: *12, A-Z12 (leaf Z11 verso and Z12 blank. Page numbers 513-529 misnumbered 603-619)) (Photographs on request)

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Book number: 120076

Catalogue: Old and Rare books

Keywords: (Oude Druk) (Rare Books) Geschichte der klassischen Philologie Heinsius Neolatin Neolatin poetry Neulatein Neulateinische Dichtkunst Varro antike altertum antiquity catbiografie history of classical scholarship satire satyre

SECTANUS,Q., L. SERGARDI.

Q. Sectani Satyrae in Phylodemum. Cum notis variorum.

Köln (Coloniae), Apud J. Selliba, 1698. 8vo. 164,(1),(1 blank) p. Vellum 15 cm Among the best ever written by a modern Latinist (Ref: VD17 14:702097T; Sandys 2,281; IJsewijn, Companion, 1,64; cf. Willems 2170; Brunet 5,256; Graesse 6,338; Ebert 20778) (Details: This edition of the satyres of Sectanus was issued with 2 different titles; the title most found is: 'Satyrae, XIX, in Phylodemum, cum notis variorum'. The content is exactly the same, apart from the title. The title without 'cum notis variorum' seems rare. The publisher probably decided, having printed a number of copies, that the book would sell better with the addition 'cum notis variorum'. The imprint on the title is according to VD17 probably false; The book was probably printed in Lucca) (Condition: Vellum soiled. Head of the spine damaged. Both inner hinges strenghened with a strip of brown paper. Front endpapers inscribed and with owner's inscriptions. Name on the title. The blank upper margin of ca. 30 pages has been repaired with a small piece of paper to hide a worm hole, which sometimes nibbles at a letter, or some letters of the highest line. The blank right upper corner of the last leaves torn off, and also repaired with a strip of brown paper. Small wormhole in the lower margin of the last 45 pages, sometimes nibbling at a letter) (Note: The Venetian nobleman Lodovico Sergardi, 1660-1726, published in 1696 a 'series of Latin satires against an enemy, which were wholly within the tradition of Horace and Juvenal. He even signed himself Quintus Sectanus, Quintus, the fifth after Lucilius, Horace, Persius and Juvenal'. (G. Highet, 'Juvenal the Satirist, a study', Oxf., 1962, p. 217) A second edition, augmented with 3 satires appeared two years later in 1698. Highet's explanation of the first name of Sergardi's pseudonym Quintus Sectanus seems far fetched. It seems more obvious that Sectanus is derived from 'sectari', to follow, pursue. This book is the result of a quarrel between the first members of the newly established 'Academia Arcadum', in Italian 'Accademia degli Arcadi', which was founded in Rome in 1690. The quarrel was between Sergardi and the lawyer and cofounder of the Academia Gianvincenzo Gravina.The aim of the members was to rescue Italian literature from manierism and to return to simplicity and the beauty of classic poetry. 'Among the Latin poems written by its members one finds both very good work and the deadliest dullness. Lodovico Sergardi/Q. Sectanus' satires (.) are rightly considered to be among the best ever written by a modern Latinist'. (IJsewijn, 'Companion to Neo-Latin studies', vol. 1, Leuven, 1990, p. 64) (Provenance: On the title: 'Ex libris Dom. Xavier'. On the front flyleaf an inscription: 'Ex libris valde Honorabii (sic!) Domini Joannis Frere Angli quem ille dignatus est in donum accipere ab addictissimo suo Comite Xaverio Marchese Melitensi, anno salutis 1824'. This book was a gift of Count Saverio Marchese, 1757-1833, who enjoyed great respect as a connoisseur of Maltese culture. His expertise extended over a number of fields, among them poetry, history, archaeology, the Maltese language and especially the arts and local art history. After the French had lost Malta to Great Britain in 1800, Malta was made a British Dominion. Marchese 'adapted effortlessly into the British environment under the new government. In 1823, he was elected to the University Committee responsible for examining the University’s performance and progress. In his collection of poems, there are a number of sonnets praising British Governors (.). Marchese was also favourable of British preferences in art and architecture. (.) His talents and social merits were appreciated by both the Grand Masters and the British Governors, who elected him to high social positions and invited him personally to important events and celebrations at the Palace on numerous occasions'. (Krystle Farrugia. 'Count Saverio Marchese A Conoscente with Special Reference to His Commentary on Uomini Illustri di Malta'. In this online article is included a specimen of his handwriting, which matches the inscription in this book). Marchese wrote on the verso of the flyleaf a short summary of the book. § This book was given by the count to the English author and retired diplomat John Frere Hookham, 1769-1846, who served as ambassador in Spain and Prussia. In 1820, on account of the failing health of his wife, 'he went with her to Malta, where he lived for the rest of his life. In retirement, he devoted himself to literature, studied his favourite Greek authors, and taught himself Hebrew and Maltese. He welcomed English guests, was popular with his Maltese neighbours, and befriended Mikiel Anton Vassalli, the first Professor of Maltese at the University of Malta'. (Quote from Wikipedia, s.v. John Hookham Frere) § This book was at some time brought to Great Britain. Three English owner's entries have been inscribed on the front pastedown. 1, 'Fredk York Powell,1898'. The English historian Frederick York Powell, 1850-1904, wrote articles for the Dictionary of National Biography, and the Encyclopedia Britannica, and some books on folklore. (See Wikisource, with his portrait) 2, 'Arthur Quiller Couch', 1919'. 'Sir Arthur Thomas Quiller-Couch, 1863-1944, was a British writer who published under the pen name of Q. Although a prolific novelist, he is primarily remembered for the monumental Oxford Book Of English Verse 1250-1900 (later extended to 1918) and for his literary criticism. He guided the taste of many who never met him, including American writer Helene Hanff, author of '84, Charing Cross Road'. (See Quiller's lemma in Wikipedia). 3, 'Giles Dugdale to Patrick Duff, 1945'. Giles Dugdale was an English local historian. His admiration of the Dorset dialect poet William Barnes resulted in a biography of Barnes, published in 1953. Dugdale’s other interests included art, architecture and archaeology, and he was an important member of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society. (His portrait can be found on the Wordpress site of the Dorset County Museum). Dugdale gave this copy of 'Sectani Satyrae' to Patrick Duff; he also dedicated his biography of Barnes to the same Patrick Duff. This is probably Sir Charles Patrick Duff, 1889-1972, knight and public servant, who served as an officer during the First World War, later he was private secretary to Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin) (Collation: A-K8, chi4, (minus blank leaf chi4) (Photographs on request)

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Book number: 120160

Catalogue: Old and Rare books

Keywords: (Oude Druk) (Rare Books) Malta Neolatin poetry antike altertum antiquity neulateinische Poesie

SENECA.

L. & M. Annaei Senecae atque aliorum Tragoediae. Animadversionibus et notis marginalibus fideliter emendatae atque illustratae. Cum indice locupletissimo. Cura et industria Thomae Farnabii. Cum gratia & privilegio Sacr. Caesar. Majest.

Frankfurt (Francfurti), Impensis Ioannis Stoeckle, Librarii ibid., 1625. 8vo. (XVI),481,(3),(58 index) p. Modern hardback 17 cm (Ref: VD17 23:284078M; Schweiger 2, 939/40; Graesse 6/1, 358/59; Ebert 20934; cf. Brunet 5,286) (Details: Second half 20th century binding. Woodcut printer's mark on the title, depicting a man climbing a steep rock, on top of which sits an eagle on a nest; the motto: 'Nulla est via invia virtuti') (Condition: Title slightly soiled. Small name on the title. The blank upper margin of the title has been cut off and repaired with a strip of paper. Paper yellowing) (Note: The English classical scholar Thomas Farnaby, latinized as Thomas Farnabius, ca. 1575-1647, explains in the short preface to this edition that he attributes, following Lipsius, Delrio, J. Scaliger and D. Heinsius, the Medea, Troades and the Phaedra to the Roman author/philosopher Lucius Annaeus Seneca Philosophus, the Hercules Oetaeus to quispiam poetaster, and the Octavia to a nec felicior artifex. The other plays, the Hercules Furens, Phoenissae, Oedipus, Agamemnon and the Thysestes he attributes to one Marcus Seneca Tragicus. Nowadays these plays are attributed to Lucius Annaeus Seneca; the Octavia is certainly spurious, and of the Hercules Oetaeus it is acknowledged that the language and metre resemble Seneca's. There is 'widespread agreement that Seneca's tragedies are important dramas and that the question whether they were composed for recitation or for performance is largely irrelevant. (.) Modern opinion is divided over the extent of Stoic doctrine in them; the majority incline toward judging them solely as dramas. Knowledge of the tragedies was spotty in late antiquity; (.). The earliest complete manuscript is the Codex Etruscus from Italy in the 11th century. It was read by Poliziano and was the basis of the edition of J.F. Gronovius (Amsterdam 1661), the first reliable printed text. (.) Seneca was by far the most important classical model for Renaissance tragedy, at a time when Greek tragedy was hardly known. (.) There is philosophical reflection, especially in the choruses, but that is not their main purpose, and there is psychological subtlety, despite the rhetoric. (.) Julius Caesar Scaliger in his Poetices maintained that Seneca surpassed the Greek tragedians in dignity (maiestas) and had greater polish and brilliance (cultus ac nitor) than Euripides. (The Classical Tradition, Cambridge Mass., 2010, p. 876) § The greatest scholarly achievement of Thomas Farnaby were his editions of classical Roman poets and playwrights, accompanied by thorough Latin notes, such as Juvenal (1612), the tragedies of Seneca (1613), Martialis (1615), Lucanus (1618), Vergil (1634), Ovid's Metamorphoses (1636), Terentius (1651) 'As a school teacher, a rhetorical theorist and an editor of classical texts, Farnaby was one of the most influential scholars of the early seventeenth century. His schoolbooks on rhetoric were highly popular in the schoolroom, he collaborated and corresponded with some of the most distinguished continental scholars of his day, and his editions contributed greatly to the development of early modern textual criticism'. (DBC 1,308/9) Farnaby's edition of Seneca's tragedies, which was first published in London in 1613, was reissued several times, in Amsterdam in 1633, 1656 and 1678) (Provenance: On the title the name: 'Portz, 1713'. On the front flyleaf the name of 'Lennart Hakanson', 1939-1987, professor of Latin at the university of Uppsala) (Collation: ):(8, A-2L8 (minus blank leaf 2L8) (Photographs on request)

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Book number: 120190

Catalogue: Old and Rare books

Keywords: (Oude Druk) (Rare Books) Latin literature Seneca Tragödie antike altertum antiquity römische Literatur tragedy

SENECA.

L. Annaei Senecae Opera quae extant omnia, a Iusto Lipsio emendata et scholiis illustrata. Editio quarta, atque ab ultima Lipsi manu. Aucta Liberti Fromondi scholiis ad Quaestiones Naturales, & Ludum de morte Claudii Caesaris, quibus in hac editione accedunt eiusdem Liberti Fromondi ad Quaestiones Naturales excursus novi.

Antwerp (Antverpiae), Ex officina Plantiniana Balthasaris Moreti, 1652. Folio. (XVI),XXXVI,911,(1 blank) p.; portrait of Lipsius; engraved title; a bust of Seneca, and a plate of Seneca standing in a tub, both plates by C. Galle after Rubens. Calf 41 cm. (Ref: STCV: 6608951; Schweiger 2,902: 'Gesuchteste Ausgabe des Lipsius, aber nicht weiter als Wiederholung der von 1632'; Brunet 5,276/77: 'Édition estimée. Les 3 premières éditions, Antverpiae, ex off. Platiniana, 1605, 1615 et 1632 sont moins complètes.'; Dibdin 2,397: 'excellent notes of Lipsius'; Moss 2,578: 'it is certainly a very elegant publication'; Fabricius-Ernesti 2,115; Ebert 20860: 'Beste und gesuchteste der von Lipsius besorgten Ausg.'; Graesse 6/1, 348/49: 'très recherchée'; Spoelder 642, Middelburg 4) (Details: Prize copy, but lacking the prize. Gilt back with 7 raised bands, red morocco shield in the second compartment. Borders of both boards gilt, and with the coat of arms of Middelburg in the center. Portait of Lipsius engraved by Cornelius Galle. Engraved architectural title, the text of it is flanked by the statues of Greek philosopher Zeno, the founder of the Stoic school, whose doctrine of suicide as a 'reasonable exit' from life in response to incurable disease or inexorable pain Seneca accepted, and Zeno's pupil Cleanthes; in the upper frieze reside pictures of Hercules, Pallas and Ulysses, at the feet of Cleanthes and Zeno are the portraits of Seneca and Epictetus. The full page 'Seneca standing in his bath', is engraved by Cornelius Galle, and made after the famous painting of Rubens, 'the death of Seneca'. The full page portrait of Seneca was engraved after a drawing of Rubens. A smaller engraved portrait of Seneca, 11.5x13.5 cm, on page XXIV after the Italian scholar and antiquarian Fulvius Orsinus (imago quae a Fulvio quidem Ursino prodita est). Woodcut initials. § The 'Officina Plantiniana' issued 2 'Opera' editions of Seneca in 1652. This is the second issue, probably printed by Petrus III Bellerus for Balthasar Moretus. Bellerus printer's device is found on f. X6 verso and f. Y4 recto) (Condition: Binding somewhat scuffed and scratched. Front joint beginning to split. Head and tail of the spine chafed. Corners slightly bumped. The school prize has been removed. Edges of both flyleaves browning. Some leaves yellowing, a few are browning. Faint waterstain in the right margin of the last 6 gatherings) (Note: The Roman philosopher and politician Lucius Annaeus Seneca, ca. 4 BC - 65 AD, has ever since antiquity been controversial. He was 'attacked for his Latin style, his political compromises, and his wealth. (.) Seneca (.) devoted himself to philosophy, finally being charged with complicity in the conspiracy of Piso in 65. His suicide (ordered by Nero) is described by Tacitus (.). The death scene, 'imago vitae suae', 'the image of his life', has been a significant element in Seneca's influence on posterity. (.) His style was urgent, colourful and pointed, appropriate for the fragmented ethical and political ambiguities of his time, and it ultimately proved to be an effective vehicle for the Latin Church Fathers'. ('The classical tradition', Cambridige Mass., 2010, p. 873) By the 4th century Seneca's reputation, as an author and as a philosopher, had recovered. He is praised by Boethius (d. ca. 524), and has through the works of Cassiodorus (d. ca. 585) and Martin of Braga (d. ca. 579) influenced medieval and Renaissance philosophy. From the 13th century onward he was widely read, especially after the invention of printing. A Senecan Renaissance was advanced with the editions of Erasmus, who did much to improve the text. Seneca's reputation was further enhanced by the magnificent edition of his 'Opera', produced by the Flemish scholar Justus Lipsius, and published in 1605 by the Flemish 'Officina Plantiniana', lead by Balthasar Moretus. This edition and the later ones of 1615, 1632 and 1652 were adorned with elaborate title pages and portraits engraved by T. Galle and C. Galle. The worth of Lipsius' editions lies in the preface and commentary. 'His commentary, while economical by modern standards, was fuller than that by Erasmus. Lipsius died before he could finish his commentary on 'Quaestiones Naturales'. The first edition of Lipsius' Seneca (1605) included a commentary by M.A. Muretus (d. 1585), replaced by that of Libertus Fromond in later editions. The introductory paragraphs to each section of Seneca's prose were lucid, concise, and often enthusiastic. 'Legite iuvenes senesque!' is a frequent exhortation, typical of Lipsius' primary goal, which was to teach'. (Idem, p. 875) 'Moretus had been Lipsius' student, and he was a friend of Peter Paul Rubens whom he commissioned to design, for the 1615 edition and its successors, a portrait of Lipsius and two full-page engravings of Seneca, one of an ancient bust believed to be of Seneca, and owned by the artist, and the other of Seneca entering the bath in which he died. The latter engraving was related to Rubens's 1608 painting of Seneca's death, which further spread the fame of Seneca as a martyr to tyranny who died true to his philosophical principles'. (Idem, ibidem) § Justus Lipsius, the greatest Latin scholar of his time, came in 1579 to the recently founded University of Leyden (1575) to teach Latin. He resided there with great distinction as honorary Professor of History from 1579 till 1591. According to J.E. Sandys his greatest strength lies in textual criticism and exegesis. (J.E. Sandys, History of Classical Scholarship, N.Y., 1964, vol. 2, p. 303). Lipsius edited only Latin prose writers. He was not attracted to Latin verse. The 'Opera omnia' of this edition do not include Seneca's tragedies) (Collation: (*)-2*4, A-C6, A-4G6 (leaf 4G6 verso blank); leaf *1 portr. Lipsius, *2 engraved title, 2*3 Seneca in bath, 2*4 bust of Seneca) (Photographs on request) (Heavy book, may require extra shipping costs)

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Book number: 150629

Catalogue: Old and Rare books

Keywords: (Oude Druk) (Rare Books) Belgian imprints Latin literature Prize copy Prize copy Middelburg Seneca Stoa ancient philosophy antike Philosophie antike altertum antiquity römische Literatur stoic stoicism

SENECA.- GRONOVIUS,J.F.

Joh. Fred. Gronovii Ad L. & M. Annaeos Senecas Notae.

Amsterdam (Amsterlodami), Apud Ludovicum & Danielem Elzevirios, 1658. 12mo. (XXIV),490,(25 index),(1 blank) p. Overlapping vellum 14 cm (Ref: Willems 1228; Berghman 1280; Rahir 1257; Copinger 1974; Schweiger 2,912) (Details: 6 thongs laced through the joints. Woodcut printer's mark of Louis and Daniel Elzevier on the title, depicting Minerva under an olive tree. She holds a banner with the motto: 'Ne extra oleas', to be understood as 'Stay within the bounds of wisdom'. The Amsterdam Elseviers Louis and Daniel Elsevier produced more than 600 editions, and 256 of them have this motto 'ne extra oleas'. It seems more or less the equivalent of the printer's mark (a philosopher under an olive tree) and the motto of the famous French scholar/printer Robertus Stephanus 'noli altum sapere', 'Be not high-minded'. Stephanus' printer's mark and motto clearly inspired the Elseviers. (See for the motto and its sources ((www))jstor.org/stable/289286?seq=6#page_scan_tab_contents) (Condition: Vellum age-tanned and slightly worn) (Note: The classical scholar of German descent Johann Friedrich Gronov (1611-1671), or Johannes Fredericus Gronovius, was the successor of Heinsius at the University of Leiden, and was influenced by Vossius, Grotius, Heinsius & Scriverius. His editions mark an epoch in the study of Livy, of Seneca, Tacitus & Gellius. The pages 1-351 contain Gronovius' notes on the Dialogues, the Letters, Quaestiones Naturales, and the Apocolocyntosis, of the Roman author, statesman and Stoic philosopher Lucius Annaeus Seneca, ca. 4 B.C. - 65 A.D. Pages 352-492 contain Gronovius' notes on the Suasoriae and Controversiae of Seneca's father, the rhetor Marcus Annaeus Seneca, ca. 55 - ca. 39 A.D., also known as Seneca Maior or Seneca Pater. § A year later, in 1659, the Elzevier brothers published a reissue of Gronovius' edition of the Opera Omnia of Seneca. (Willems 1251) The Opera Omnia and the Notae were first published in 1648 in Leiden. The volumes of 1648 and 1658, containing the Notae, were published separately, and are often added as volume 4 to these 3 volume sets) (Provenance: On the front pastedown in pencil: 'J. v. Dijck') (Collation: *12, A-X12, Y6 (leaf Y6 verso blank) ) (Photographs on request)

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Book number: 120161

Catalogue: Old and Rare books

Keywords: (Oude Druk) (Rare Books) Gronovius Latin literature Seneca Seneca maior Stoa Stoicismus ancient philosophy antike Philosophie antike altertum antiquity römische Literatur stoicism

SULPICIUS SEVERUS.

Kerkelyke Historie van Sulpicius Severus. Sedert des Weerelds aanvang, tot het vierhonderdste jaar na Christus geboorte; vervolgd tot den tijd van Keizer Karel den V. Uit het Latijn vertaald, en met uitvoerige aanmerkingen verrijkt door Pieter Rabus. Met privilegie van d'Ed. Gr. Mog. Heeren Staten van Holland en West-vriesland.

Rotterdam (Te Rotterdam), By Barent Bos Boekverkooper, 1702. 4to. (XXXIV),560 p., frontispiece, 2 plates. Overlapping vellum 21 cm (Ref: STCN ppn 216756308; OiN 355) (Details: 6 thongs laced through the joints. Frontispiece by C. Huyberts, depicts Sulpicius in his study writing his 'Sacrae Historiae'. Title in red and black. Woodcut printer's mark on the title, depicting the goddess of wisdom Athena, surrounded by a great number of books; it's appropriate motto: 'Non curta supellex', 'not an ill-furnished mind/library'. The other 2 engraved plates show biblical and historical scenes) (Condition: Binding slightly soiled and scratched) (Note: The first ecclesiastical histories in the Latin West were translations of Greek historians. Hieronymus translated the 'Chronicon' or 'Chronicle' (Pantodapê historia / Universal history) of Eusebius, bishop of Caesarea, to which he added a continuation of his own up to 378 A.D. And the monk Tyrannius Rufinus translated Eusebius' 'Church History' (Ekklêsiastikê historia). It was published in 402 or 403, and continued the work from the reign of Constantine the Great to the death of Theodosius (395). It was published in 402 or 403. The first independant Church History in the West was written by Sulpicius Severus, ca. 363-420, an eminent Latin-Christian historian originating from South-West Gaul. His 'Sacrae Historiae', or 'Chronica' appeared in 402. The 'Sacrae Historiae' or in Dutch 'Kerkelyke Historie', tells the 'sacred history' from Adam till ca. 400 A.D. This is the first and up till now the only complete Dutch translation. Sulpicius is not only translated, but also 'met opmerkingen opgeheldert', i.e. elucidated with notes. In them the translator Pieter Rabus criticizes Severus. The notes usually occupy more than half a page. Pieter Rabus, 1660-1702, was a famous man of letters in his days. He also translated Erasmus. As an enlightened author and journalist he wrote against superstition and intolerance. In 1686 he became 'Praeceptor' of the Erasmianum in Rotterdam. After 'Kerkelyke Historie' of Sulpicius follows a translation of the continuation of the 'Chronica' by Johannes Sleidanus, 1507-1556, 'De quattuor summis imperiis'. This part comprises the last 110 pages and deals with the history of the church during the Middle Ages. (J.J.V.M. de Vet, 'Pieter Rabus (1660-1702)', Amsterdam, 1980) (Collation: [*]4, 2*-4*4, 5*2 (minus blank leaf 5*2), A-4A4) (Photographs on request)

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Book number: 130099

Catalogue: Old and Rare books

Keywords: (Oude Druk) (Rare Books) Altertum Altertumswissenschaft Altphilologie Antike Antiquity Dutch translations Kirchengeschichte Spätantike Sulpicius Severus church history classical philology early christianity frühes Christentum late antiquity

SULPICIUS SEVERUS.

Sulpitii Severi Aquitani Sacrae Historiae a mundi exordio ad sua usq; tempora deductae, libri duo; item Dorothei Episcopi Tyri, qui sub Constantino Magno vixit, De vita Prophetarum & Apostolorum, Synopsis. Quibus accessit rerum & verborum index copiosus.

Paris (Parisiis), Apud Gulielmum Guillard & Almaricum Warencore, 1560. Small 8vo. (XXXII),156,(2 blank);(24 index) p. Modern hardbound binding. 13.5 cm 'A universal chronicle which is an important source for the history of 4th-century events' (Ref: USTC 153005; Ebert 22005; Schoenemann 2,378/79) (Details: Back with 4 raised bands, and with a gilt short title in the second 'compartment') (Condition: Old inscriptions on the front flyleaf. Front flyleaf worn, thumbed and dustsoiled. Title also thumbed and dustsoiled, and with an old ownership entry and shelf number) (Note: The Latin historian Sulpicius (or Sulpitius) Severus was born in Aquitania ca. 360 A.D. He organized under the influence of Bishop Martinus of Tours a sort of monastic life on his own estate for himself and his friends. His extant works are a 'vita S. Martini Turonensis', and this 'Sacrae Historiae', a kind of universal chronicle to A.D. 402, 'which is an important source for the history of 4th-century events, (.). The whole book is an interesting attempt to present a 'breviarium' of history from the Christian point of view: it uses Christian chronographers, especially St. Jerome, but also Pagan writers. J. Bernays suggested that for the destruction of Jerusalem in A.D 70 Sulpicius followed the lost account of Tacitus. Sallust and Tacitus are his models in the matter of style'. (OCD, 2nd 3d. p. 983) § The 'Sacrae Historiae' were first published in Basel in 1556 by the Ilyrian protestant scholar Mat(t)hias Flacius, the latinized slavic name Vlacich, from a old manuscript found in a library in Hildesheim. Flacius, 1520-1575, who taught Hebrew in Wittenberg and the New Testament in Jena, was a pupil and lifelong supporter of Luther. Flacius dedicated his book to the Polish duke Nicolaus Radziuilius, who was a great patron of the Lutherans. (Neue Deutsche Biographie 5 (1961), p. 220-222) Schoenemann's opinion is that Flacius 'accurata fide hos libros exprimendos curavit'. (Schoenemann p. 378) The next edition of the 'Sacrae Historiae', this edition, appeared a few years later, in Paris in 1560. In the 32 page 'praefatio' to this edition, which is in fact a ferocious attack against Lutheranism, that brought nothing but 'latrocinia, furta, praedationes, adulteria, usurae, homicidia & id genus alia flagitia' (p. 2* recto), written by one 'Iacobus Faber doctor theologus, Sorbonicus' we are told that he (Faber) published this work to strengthen the spirit of the Catholics against the heresy of the Reformation, that was raging through Europe, and especially Germany. (p. *3 recto) Faber suggests that he found and edited the text of the 'Sacrae Historiae' himself. ('cuius sacram historiam cum in publicum omnium catholicorum commodum evulgare ex mediis antiquorum seculorum abditissimis scriniis erutam cogitaremus', p. 2*3 recto & verso) Schoeneman explains that the catholic professor of the Sorbonne was a common thief, who misappropriated the edition of his protestant precursor Flacius, without any acknowledgment. ('partam Matthiae Flacio gloriam suffurari non erubuit', Schoenemann p. 379). Schoenemann calls the praefatio of Faber nothing but 'emendicatus pannus', 'begged for rags' (pun for 'emendicatus panis'?) (Provenance: On the title: 'Conv.s ff. erem. s. Aug.ni Bruxell. 1610', indicating that the book once belonged to the convent of the Order of the Eremites of St. Augustine in Brussels. § On the front flyleaf the old names: 'Van den Boom', and 'P. v(an)d(en) Hoogen ex Horsten, 18/12/'25') (Collation: *-2*8, A-T8, V4 (last leaf V4 blank), +8, 2+4)(Photographs on request)

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Book number: 120316

Catalogue: Old and Rare books

Keywords: (Oude Druk) (Rare Books) Aquitania Gallia Gallien Gaul Kirchengeschichte Spätantike alte Geschichte ancient history antike altertum antiquity church history late antiquity

SULPICIUS SEVERUS.

Sulpitii Severi Opera omnia quae extant.

Amsterdam (Amstelodami), Ex officina Elzeviriana 1656. 12mo. 333,(3) p. 19th century calf. 13 cm (Ref: STCN ppn 852876300; Willems 1207; 1526; Rahir 1233; Brunet 5,322; cf. Graesse 6/1,376; Ebert 21999; Schoenemann 2,391) (Details: Nice binding. Back with 4 raised bands. Engraved title, depicting Martinus of Tours on horseback ready to cut his cloak in two for a beggar) (Condition: Binding slightly worn. Bookplate on the front pastedown. Paper slightly yellowing) (Note: The Latin historian Sulpicius (or Sulpitius) Severus was born in Aquitania ca. 360 A.D. He organized under the influence of Bishop Martinus of Tours a sort of monastic life on his own estate for himself and his friends. His extant works are a vita S. Martini Turonensis, 'which is an apology for ascetism'; and this Sacrae Historiae, a kind of universal chronicle to A.D. 402, 'which is an important source for the history of 4th-century events, (.). The whole book is an interesting attempt to present a 'breviarium' of history from the Christian point of view: it uses Christian chronographers, especially St. Jerome, but also Pagan writers. J. Bernays suggested that for the destruction of Jerusalem in A.D 70 Sulpicius followed the lost account of Tacitus. Sallust and Tacitus are his models in the matter of style'. (OCD, 2nd 3d. p. 983) After the text of the Sacrae Historiae follows the Continuation written by the humanist Johannes Sleidanus, 1507-1556, taken from his De quattuor summis imperiis. This treatise of 90 pages deals with the history of the chruch in the Middle Ages until Charles V. After the Continuatio follow three letters on Saint Martin's miracles and death, and three dialogues of Sulpicius Severus which compare Saint Martin's feats and virtues with those of the Egyptian hermits. § This Sulpicius edition is a line by line reissue of the Elzevier edition of 1643. Texts of Sulpicius were apparantly in demand, for the Elzeviers of Leiden and Amsterdam produced three editions of the Sacrae Historiae (1626, 1635 & 1643) and four editions of Sulpicius' Opera (1635, 1643, 1656 & 1665) (Provenance: Armorial bookplate on the front pastedown. Underneath this bookplate a label: 'Ex libris Gulielmi Gaskell Rouse A.M., Ex Aede Christi; Oxon., Anno 1861'. 'William Gaskell Rouse was born c. 1827 in Old Windsor, Berkshire. He appears in the 1871 Census, aged 44, a Church of England Clergyman, living with his wife, Gertrude, aged 34, in Offley, Hertfordshire with three servants. Gertrude was born in St Kitts, West Indies, and her maiden name was Gertrude Maria Grace Payne daughter of Charles Gillies Payne and Mary Elizabeth Salusbury. William died in 1871'. Rouse studied in Eton and Christ Church Oxford. (See the site gaskellfamily((com)) ) § The armorial bookplate bears the motto: 'Omne bonum Dei donum', 'Every good is the gift of God'. On the shield are placed in horizontal bars two birds and a rosette. Upon the shield rests a bust of what looks like a bearded Greek philosopher) (Collation: A-O12) (Photographs on request)

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Book number: 120317

Catalogue: Old and Rare books

Keywords: (Oude Druk) (Rare Books) Latin literature Spätantike Sulpicius Severus alte Geschichte ancient history antike altertum antiquity late antiquity römische Geschichte